Презентацию можно использовать при изучении тем: Экология, Окружающая среда, Россия и тп. Озеро Байкал это жемчужина России, представленную презентацию можно легко вписать в любую часть урока и в зависимости от творчества учителя и уровня учащихся на ее основе разработать комплекс грамматических и лексических упражнений
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Lake Baikal
Lake Baikal is the world’s oldest and deepest lake in the world. It contains 20 % of all fresh running water on the planet, making it the single largest reservoir.
Lake Baikal is 30 million years old. Its average depth is 744.4metres. It is the second most voluminous lake after the Caspian Sea.
Located in the south of the Russian region of Siberia, between Irkutsk region to the northwest and the Buryat Republic to the southeast.
Lake Baikal was formed as an ancient rift valley, having the typical long crescent shape with a surface area of 31722 sq km
Baikal is home to more than 1700 species of plants and animals, two third of which can be found nowhere else in the world and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
Lake Baikal was known as the “North Sea” in historical Chinese text. It was situated in the then Xiongnu territory. Very little was known to Europeans about the lake until the Russian expansion into the area in the 17 th century. The first Russian explorer to reach Lake Baikal was Kurbat Ivanov in 1643
Baikal is one of the most biodiesel lakes on Earth, with 1340 species of animal and 570 species of plant.
The landscape surrounding the lake, with its mountains, forests, tundra, lakes, islands and steppes is exceptionally picturesque.
The lake is completely surrounded by mountains. The Baikal Mountains on the north shore and the taiga are protected as a national park. It contains 27 islands; the largest, Olkhon , is 72 km long and the third-largest lake-bound island in the world.
The lake is fed by as many as three hundred and thirty inflowing rivers. The main ones are the Selenga River, the Barguzin River, The Upper River, the Turka River, The Sarma River and the Snezhnaya River . It is drained through a single river, the Angara River. It is named the daughter of Baikal. Do you know the legend about Angara?
In the midst of a thinly populated wildness there is the foremost natural wonder - Lake Baikal. It is the oldest lake in the world - its age is about 25-30 million years. Scientists estimated that more than 1500 life forms live in and around this lake. They can be found nowhere else on Earth. It occupies the territory of 12000 m2 and 400 km long. About 30 uninhabited isles are scattered throughout the lake. It’s the largest reservoir of drinking water. It contains 1/6 of fresh water found on the planet and in spite of the vast pollution by the nearby industry the most of it still remains clean and clear.
Most of the coastline lies in an environmentally protected area. The most numerous of the indigenous people are Buryats. They have been living here for many centuries. A feeling of tranquility settles over the coastal villages during long summer afternoons. A vehicle driving along the village’s streets is a rare sight. A motorcycle with a sidecar is the most popular civil transport; and a passenger car still remains an object of curiosity for children.
The area’s largest city is Ulan-Ude which was first established by the Russians as an outpost for tsar’s tax collectors during Russia’s Eastward expansion in the XVI and XVII centuries. It lies in the border area between the Siberian forests and the grassy steppes. It’s an average Siberian town without much distinction, except for a strange fancy relict in the main square. The world’s biggest head of Vladimir Lenin has more than 25 feet tall and it is ironically said by rumor that it was inspired by the head of Buddha that was located in Ulan-Ude before the Soviet takeover. And now although most of Soviet monuments have been dismantled this one is going to stay because the locals became quite fond of it.
Байкал
Среди малонаселенной местности находится природное чудо - озеро Байкал. Это самое древнее озеро в мире - его возраст составляет около 25-30 миллионов лет. По оценкам ученых более 1500 форм жизни живут возле и в этом озере. Кроме Байкала их найти нельзя нигде на Земле. Озеро занимает территорию 12 000 м2 и 400 км в длину. Около 30 необитаемых островов разбросаны по всему озеру. Это крупнейший резервуар питьевой воды. Он содержит 1/6 пресной воды находится на планете, и несмотря на подавляющее загрязнения близлежащей промышленности большинство воды до сих пор остается чистой и прозрачной.
Большая часть береговой линии находится в экологически охраняемой территории. Наиболее многочисленным из коренных народов являются буряты. Они жили здесь на протяжении многих веков. Чувством спокойствия веет от прибрежных деревень во время долгих летних дней. Транспортное средство, проезжающее по улицам деревни - редкое зрелище. Мотоцикл с коляской является самым популярным видом гражданского транспорта; а автомобиль до сих пор остается предметом любопытства для детей.
Самым большим городом в области является Улан-Удэ, который был основан русскими в качестве форпоста для царских сборщиков налогов во время российской экспансии на восток в XVI и XVII веках. Он расположен в районе границы между сибирскими лесами и травянистыми степями. Это средний сибирский город без особых отличий, исключением является странный реликт на главной площади. Это самая большая голова В.И.Ленина, которая более чем 25 футов в высоту. По слухам, она была вдохновлена головой Будды, которая была расположена в Улан-Удэ до установления советской власти. И теперь, хотя большинство из советских памятников были демонтированы, её никто не собирается сносить, потому что местные жители очень полюбили её.
In the midst of a thinly populated wildness there is the foremost natural wonder — Lake Baikal. It is the oldest lake in the world — its age is about 25-30 million years. Scientists estimated that more than 1500 life forms live in and around this lake. They can be found nowhere else on Earth. It occupies the territory of 12000 m2 and 400 km long. About 30 uninhabited isles are scattered throughout the lake. It’s the largest reservoir of drinking water. It contains 1/6 of fresh water found on the planet and in spite of the vast pollution by the nearby industry the most of it still remains clean and clear.
Most of the coastline lies in an environmentally protected area. The most numerous of the indigenous people are Buryats. They have been living here for many centuries. A feeling of tranquility settles over the coastal villages during long summer afternoons. A vehicle driving along the village’s streets is a rare sight. A motorcycle with a sidecar is the most popular civil transport; and a passenger car still remains an object of curiosity for children.
The area’s largest city is Ulan-Ude which was first established by the Russians as an outpost for tsar’s tax collectors during Russia’s Eastward expansion in the XVI and XVII centuries. It lies in the border area between the Siberian forests and the grassy steppes. It’s an average Siberian town without much distinction, except for a strange fancy relict in the main square. The world’s biggest head of Vladimir Lenin has more than 25 feet tall and it is ironically said by rumor that it was inspired by the head of Buddha that was located in Ulan-Ude before the Soviet takeover. And now although most of Soviet monuments have been dismantled this one is going to stay because the locals became quite fond of it.
Перевод
Среди малонаселенной местности находится природное чудо — озеро Байкал. Это самое древнее озеро в мире — его возраст составляет около 25-30 миллионов лет. По оценкам ученых более 1500 форм жизни живут возле и в этом озере. Кроме Байкала их найти нельзя нигде на Земле. Озеро занимает территорию 12 000 м2 и 400 км в длину. Около 30 необитаемых островов разбросаны по всему озеру. Это крупнейший резервуар питьевой воды. Он содержит 1/6 пресной воды находится на планете, и несмотря на подавляющее загрязнения близлежащей промышленности большинство воды до сих пор остается чистой и прозрачной.
Большая часть береговой линии находится в экологически охраняемой территории. Наиболее многочисленным из коренных народов являются буряты. Они жили здесь на протяжении многих веков. Чувством спокойствия веет от прибрежных деревень во время долгих летних дней. Транспортное средство, проезжающее по улицам деревни — редкое зрелище. Мотоцикл с коляской является самым популярным видом гражданского транспорта; а автомобиль до сих пор остается предметом любопытства для детей.
Самым большим городом в области является Улан-Удэ, который был основан русскими в качестве форпоста для царских сборщиков налогов во время российской экспансии на восток в XVI и XVII веках. Он расположен в районе границы между сибирскими лесами и травянистыми степями. Это средний сибирский город без особых отличий, исключением является странный реликт на главной площади. Это самая большая голова В.И.Ленина, которая более чем 25 футов в высоту. По слухам, она была вдохновлена головой Будды, которая была расположена в Улан-Удэ до установления советской власти. И теперь, хотя большинство из советских памятников были демонтированы, её никто не собирается сносить, потому что местные жители очень полюбили её.
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AGE Baikal is one of the oldest lakes in the world, scientists think his age is twenty-five million years. Most of the lakes are living ten to fifteen thousand years, and then disappear, and the Baikal has no signs of aging. Studies show that Baikal is a nascent ocean.
THE BAIKAL DEPRESSION The Baikal depression slightly wider than the modern lake, but its much deeper. The depth of the depression is determined by the height of the mountains above it, the depth of the lake and the sediment layer thickness. The deepest point native basin of lake Baikal is about five to six thousand meters below the ocean level.
TНЕ VOLUME Baikal is the largest reservoir of fresh water on the planet. In the basin of lake Baikal holds about twenty percent of the world reserves of fresh lake waters of the planet (excluding glaciers, snowfields and ice, where water is in solid condition).
TНЕ WATER Baikal is the purest on Earth the storage of fresh drinking water. Rare purity and properties of Baikal water are caused by vital functions of fauna and flora of the lake. For the year, an Armada of shrimp is able three times to clear the top fifty- meter layer of water. In Baikal water is very little dissolved and suspended mineral substances, very little organic impurities, a lot of oxygen. The world has not remained open reservoirs with fresh water, suitable for drinking water bottling. The only exception is lake Baikal. Since 1992 started commercial spill Baikal water in plastic bottles. Water taken from a depth of ceyreste meters, which maintained the constant temperature two to four degrees, and where it is protected by a water column from surface contamination.
ORGANIC WORLD In the fauna of lake Baikal is represented by almost all types of animals living in fresh water. There is no other lake, biological variety of which would be so great and unique. Of the known species and varieties of animals and plants found to date in the lake, almost 2/3 are endemic and nowhere in the world is no longer there. Therefore, lake Baikal can be considered one of the geographical centres of origin of species.
STORMS Storm winds on lake Baikal are common in late summer and autumn. The maximum wind speed on the lake is celebrated in April, may and November, minimum – in February and July. Eighty percent of the summer storms observed in the second half of August and in September, at the height of the waves in the middle basin of lake Baikal reaches 4-4,5 meters with a slope of twenty- two degrees.
BAIKALYE WINDS The variety of the Baikal winds is reflected in their local names (more than thirty). Centuries of observation of local residents has allowed to identify a number of patterns for each wind. Verhovik (Hangar) – the so-called North wind, blowing along the lake Baikal from North to South. Verhovik – dry wind, and in clear, Sunny weather it blows quietly, without any sudden gusts. Often, this wind is held continuously for more than 10 days. The first long verkhovichi observed in the lake since mid- August. At the end of November – beginning of December verhovik rocks Baykal heavy steep waves up to 4-6 meters. Barguzin – mighty wind, sung in the song "Glorious sea – sacred Baikal", blowing from the Barguzin valley across and along the lake. The wind blows smoothly, with a gradually increasing power, but its duration is noticeably inferior to verhovik. This wind brings with it Sunny stable weather.Kultuk – wind blowing from the southern tip of lake Baikal along the lake. Kultuk brings violent storms and bad rainy weather. This wind would not be so long as verhovik. Mountain – the North-Western side of the Baikal wind, suddenly breaking from the mountains. It is the most treacherous and gusty winds. It starts suddenly and rapidly gaining strength.Sarma – a kind of mountain, the strongest and most terrible of the winds on lake Baikal. The wind comes out of the valley of the river Sarma flowing into the Small sea. Summer breeze may suddenly start and suddenly end in autumn Sarma sometimes blows the whole day. A harbinger of Sarma are clouds over the Triceps char Baikal ridge.
